Biology

A. Manganous sulfate solution for 1000 mLDissolve one of the following in 1000 mL of distilled water480 g MnSO4.4H2O or-400 g MnSO4.2H2O or-364 g MnSO4.H2OB. Alkali-iodide (add azide if necessary) for 1000 mLDissolve in 1000 mL of distilled water500 g NaOH or-            -AND-                135 g NaI or-700 g KOH                   ...

Cystic fibrosis is a secretory disease (including sweat and mucus glands) that is usually inherited. Inherited implies that it is passed on through genes of a parent to their children. To inherit cystic fibrosis, a person gets two faulty genes- each from both parents. The parents usually do not suffer from the disorder themselves. Cystic fibrosis is a multi-system infection, meaning that its infection involves several body organs in the lungs and the digestive system. Cystic fibrosis usually affects...

The designated web page is the official National Cancer Institutes page on Cancer, including statistics from the American Cancer Society on cancer incidence.I was startled to realize that the commonest types of cancer were types that I had not previously heard of, like non melanoma skin cancer. I was really interested to read more about this cancer that represents half of all cancers diagnosed in the USA. Fortunately, this is a treatable type that results in less than 1000 deaths in over 100000...

Writing is a field that is as broad as it is complicated, and to complicate matters more, scientific writing even has specific demands that make writing even more complex.  Initially, it is best to consider the major parts of a scientific essay, regardless of the field that one is writing on.  These major parts are the title page, the abstract, the introduction, the review of literature, the methodology, the results, the discussion, the conclusion, and the literature cited.  (Cordova) ...

The immune system functions as a defence against opportunistic microbes. It as well necessitates the capability of detecting between self and non-self molecules to make sure that an immune response is not raised against the organisms own tissues. This discrimination is partly realized by the identification of a pathogens chemical motifs by the host receptors. As a result, latent, potential, or probable pathogens have tailored various ways to overcome the immune systems of the host, while the host...

This paper tackles the nature of the rare genetic disease known as Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita, or SDE. Its genetic and molecular basis is also discussed together with the mechanism that explains how a mutation in the COL2A1 gene leads to SDE.  The symptoms are also described as well as the current diagnostic and treatment methods. The paper ends with a list of various activities that a patient should avoid in order to facilitate recovery.IntroductionSpondyloepiphyseal dysplasia...

AbstractAll animals belong to the phylum animalia and they share basic characteristics which differentiate them from other organisms in the phyla such as plantae, monera and prototista.  Some of these characteristics include the mode of feeding which is heterotrophic (depend on other animals, plants and algae as a source of food). Animals have a multicellular cell organization with their cells having only a cell membrane but lacking a cell wall. The third feature of all animals is that they...

In his book, Schnell (2002) describes the Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula as the epitome of a carnivorous plant. Natively found in North Carolina, Schnell (2002) further continues to say that, in addition to its odd beauty, its adaptation and carnivorous functions are amazing. A truly remarkable plant that even Charles Darwin is often quoted to having called the Venus flytrap as the most wonderful plant in the world. A typical Venus flytrap is about five inches tall. It is mainly found in nitrogen...

Viruses belong to the groups of microbes or microorganisms. They were discovered far lately from other microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa due to its smaller size. It also differs in terms of internal structure and physiological processes. Most viruses also are harmful unlike other bacteria and fungi which can be good and useful. Prions vs. Viruses and Other Microbial Organisms It is also known as Proteinaceous Infectious Particles. Prions are the ones that cause Bovine Spongiform...

 Since hypertension in sinoaortic denervated dogs has been reported by many investigators in the past, this study was done in order to verify these reports. The result of the study showed no major amount of hypertension but great variations in arterial blood pressure instead. They also exhibited transient hypertension episodes during postural changes. Thus it was necessary to reevaluate its effects on all important hemodynamic variables. 24-hour recording of pressure and removal of disturbing...

Effective understanding of diseases, their causes, possible prevention and treatment are key elements towards maintain a healthy community.  Notably, the changing consumerism and lifestyle patterns have created a critical impetus towards intensified evaluation of extended effects of diseases causing pathogens.  As Kahn (2005) explains, there is needed greater emphasis on viruses due to their expounded impacts.  It is from this consideration that this paper evaluates Canine Parvovirus...

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether ducks exhibit a range of bathing behaviors when exposed to different water resource like baths, troughs, showers and nipples. The survey also seeks to determine wheteher any synchrony of behavior exists in duck while at a water resource. The survey involved a total of 96 Cherry Valley Pekin stain ducks. Each pen had different treatment types in terms of the bathing resource. In the pen, the ducklings were fed on chicken finished pellets for 49...

In this paper the phylogeographical distribution of a marine gastropod snail, the crown conch Melongena is investigated. The crown conch Melongena is a large marine mollusk that belongs to the family Melongenidae, traditionally together with the busycon whelks. This gastropod snail has a variety of different shapes but is commonly characterized by direct-developing, lecithrotropic larvae. The Melongena is endemic to tropical Americas with some exceptions for the Pacific, since it dominantly lives...

The body is composed of different organ systems which include cardiovascular system, digestive or gastrointestinal system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, respiratory system, urinary system and reproductive system among others. Each of this system has their own functions. For example, the function of the cardiovascular system is to pump and circulate the blood all over the body. The organs which compose this system are the heart and the blood vessels specifically the arteries, veins and...

A wound is a break or tissue injury that occurs on the skin. Wounds can be of different types depending on the cause of the injury. The consequential healing and repair of a wound is a stage wise process which progresses from the moment of inflammation through to the proliferation of cell network, remodeling and finally the formation of an epithelial layer. During a surgical incision, even though there occurs a damage and death of some of epithelial and connective tissue cells, a clean an uninfected...

Prostate gland is an exocrine gland (Thomas etal, 1977, pg 945) that is found below the urethra on the pelvic musculofascial floor and forms part of the male reproductive system. It is a walnut-size organ made up of non striped muscles and fibrous tissue called the prostatic capsule. The gland is also made up of circular fibres which are coated with fats. It is supplied by blood vessels that form part of the internal pudendal inferior vesicle and the middle haemorrhoidal- Gray Anatomy, (2009)....