DNA Fingerprinting.
DNA fingerprinting is a biotechnology for identifying people by the structure of their DNA. It has gained its name because the structure of DNA varies from one person to another. The parts of DNA that are used for fingerprinting are passed down from biological parents to children. Because DNA parts are present in every cell, any part of the persons body can be used for identification through DNA fingerprinting (Omoto and Lurquin, 2004).
This biotechnology is used in forensic investigations, diagnosis of hereditary disorders, developing cures for hereditary diseases, and personal identification. DNA fingerprinting has been applied in diagnosing hereditary disorders in both prenatal and newborns in hospitals all over the world. These disorders may include cystic fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, familiar Alzheimers, Thalassemia, among others (Omoto and Lurquin, 2004). Research applications to locate hereditary diseases on the chromosomes depend on the information available in DNA fingerprints. By investigating the DNA fingerprints of relatives with a history of specific disorders, or by studying large groups of people with and without the disorder, it is possible to get DNA patterns linked with the disease in question. This process is a crucial first step in designing a genetics cure for such disorders (Caudill, 2008). FBI and law enforcement laboratories around the world use DNA fingerprinting to link suspects to biological evidence. The biological evidence can include blood, semen, hair of items of clothing acquired from the scene of crime. Another use of DNA fingerprints in court cases is establishing paternity in custody and child support court cases (Caudill, 2008).
DNA fingerprinting can also be used in personal identification. Every organ or tissue of a person have the same DNA fingerprint, for this reason, the US armed services have started a program to gather DNA fingerprints from all personnel for future use. This might be used to identify casualties or persons missing in action (Omoto and Lurquin, 2004).
This biotechnology is used in forensic investigations, diagnosis of hereditary disorders, developing cures for hereditary diseases, and personal identification. DNA fingerprinting has been applied in diagnosing hereditary disorders in both prenatal and newborns in hospitals all over the world. These disorders may include cystic fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, familiar Alzheimers, Thalassemia, among others (Omoto and Lurquin, 2004). Research applications to locate hereditary diseases on the chromosomes depend on the information available in DNA fingerprints. By investigating the DNA fingerprints of relatives with a history of specific disorders, or by studying large groups of people with and without the disorder, it is possible to get DNA patterns linked with the disease in question. This process is a crucial first step in designing a genetics cure for such disorders (Caudill, 2008). FBI and law enforcement laboratories around the world use DNA fingerprinting to link suspects to biological evidence. The biological evidence can include blood, semen, hair of items of clothing acquired from the scene of crime. Another use of DNA fingerprints in court cases is establishing paternity in custody and child support court cases (Caudill, 2008).
DNA fingerprinting can also be used in personal identification. Every organ or tissue of a person have the same DNA fingerprint, for this reason, the US armed services have started a program to gather DNA fingerprints from all personnel for future use. This might be used to identify casualties or persons missing in action (Omoto and Lurquin, 2004).
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